Advancing evidence on climate- and health-centred solutions: the role of research in sustainable and climate-resilient development in Latin America

Abstract

Latin American countries are witnessing concerning and increasing health and well-being risks due to climate change impacts, which are exacerbated by social vulnerabilities. In this article, we emphasise the need for climate- and health-centred integral solutions to safeguard both people and the planet as well as three key roles of research for healthier, sustainable, and climate-resilient development in Latin America. Anthropogenic climate change threatens social progress in public health, sanitation, and housing, but also offers opportunities to build more equitable and resilient societies. The choice of fossil fuel-based energy sources, such as coal and gas, impacts both planetary and human health. Transitioning to clean and renewable sources of energy not only mitigates climate change but also reduces air pollution and improves population health. Additionally, given the intrinsic links between agricultural practices, food systems, and ecosystems, holistic approaches are vital. Policies must promote sustainable agriculture and equal access to nutritious food. As climate change challenges human health, integral approaches can optimise resources and provide health benefits. Research has a critical role to play in highlighting the links between health and climate change, generating actionable evidence, and advancing transdisciplinary efforts.